Photograph: Werner Vorstman

Vorstman’s Guides

Guides for anyone who wants to go beyond a first identification: field marks set beside the species with which confusion actually occurs, the sound alongside them, and for every species where and when to expect it. Everything is free to read, and every photograph and recording carries a free licence and the name of its maker.

The guides

About these guides

The guides are made by Werner Vorstman. They are built as static pages: no trackers, no cookies, no advertising. Taxonomy follows AviList for the birds and the Mammal Diversity Database for the mammals; the distribution maps are computed from records held by GBIF. Images come from Wikimedia Commons and sound from xeno-canto, under CC0, public domain, CC BY or CC BY-SA only — never under a licence that forbids reuse.