Submit a photograph

The photographs in this guide are under a Creative Commons licence or in the public domain and show free-living wild birds. Anyone with such a photograph can offer it here.

Each species has one main photograph and, below it, additions: the other sex, winter plumage, a young bird, a chick. A submitted photograph is considered if it shows a plumage or a stage the page still lacks, or is clearly better than what is there. The author judges every submission himself; nothing goes on the site automatically. Replies are sent by e-mail.

What a photograph must meet

• A free, living, wild bird in the field — no cage, mesh, fence, aviary, zoo or breeding centre.
• No ring or transmitter in view, no hand, no mounted specimen, no dead bird.
• A photograph, not a print, drawing or screenshot; without a watermark, caption or logo in the image.
• Sharp, at least 1600 pixels on the long side and no taller than three times the width. JPEG or PNG, up to 20 MB.
• Your own: you are the photographer and you release it under one of the five licences below.

Where the guide still lacks a photograph

For these species no photograph of a living wild bird with a suitable Creative Commons licence exists:

• Slender-Billed Curlew Numenius tenuirostris
• Monteiro's Storm Petrel Hydrobates monteiroi
• Barolo Shearwater Puffinus baroli
• Desert Owl Strix hadorami
• Arabian Lark Eremalauda eremodites

The form

Photograph

JPEG or PNG, long side at least 1600 pixels, height at most three times the width, at most 20 MB. An iPhone converts a HEIC photo by itself.

Species

— African Blue Tit — Cyanistes teneriffae African Chaffinch — Fringilla spodiogenys African Collared Dove — Streptopelia roseogrisea African Desert Warbler — Curruca deserti African Houbara — Chlamydotis undulata African Sacred Ibis — Threskiornis aethiopicus Alexandrine Parakeet — Psittacula eupatria Algerian Nuthatch — Sitta ledanti Allen's Gallinule — Porphyrio alleni Alpine Accentor — Prunella collaris Alpine Chough — Pyrrhocorax graculus Alpine Swift — Tachymarptis melba American Flamingo — Phoenicopterus ruber American Golden-Plover — Pluvialis dominica American Kestrel — Falco sparverius American Pipit — Anthus rubescens American Robin — Turdus migratorius American Wigeon — Mareca americana Aquatic Warbler — Acrocephalus paludicola Arabian Babbler — Argya squamiceps Arabian Green Bee-Eater — Merops cyanophrys Arabian Lark — Eremalauda eremodites Arabian Warbler — Curruca leucomelaena Arctic Loon — Gavia arctica Arctic Tern — Sterna paradisaea Arctic Warbler — Phylloscopus borealis Armenian Gull — Larus armenicus Ashy-Throated Parrotbill — Suthora alphonsiana Asian Desert Warbler — Curruca nana Atlantic Canary — Serinus canaria Atlantic Puffin — Fratercula arctica Atlas Pied Flycatcher — Ficedula speculigera Audouin's Gull — Ichthyaetus audouinii Azores Bullfinch — Pyrrhula murina Azores Chaffinch — Fringilla moreletti Azure Tit — Cyanistes cyanus Baikal Teal — Sibirionetta formosa Baillon's Crake — Zapornia pusilla Baird's Sandpiper — Calidris bairdii Balearic Warbler — Curruca balearica Baltimore Oriole — Icterus galbula Band-Rumped Storm Petrel — Hydrobates castro Bank Swallow — Riparia riparia Bar-Headed Goose — Anser indicus Bar-Tailed Godwit — Limosa lapponica Bar-Tailed Lark — Ammomanes cinctura Barbary Partridge — Alectoris barbara Barn Swallow — Hirundo rustica Barnacle Goose — Branta leucopsis Barolo Shearwater — Puffinus baroli Barred Warbler — Curruca nisoria Barrow's Goldeneye — Bucephala islandica Basra Reed Warbler — Acrocephalus griseldis Bearded Reedling — Panurus biarmicus Bearded Vulture — Gypaetus barbatus Belted Kingfisher — Megaceryle alcyon Berthelot's Pipit — Anthus berthelotii Bewick's Swan — Cygnus columbianus Bimaculated Lark — Melanocorypha bimaculata Black Francolin — Francolinus francolinus Black Grouse — Lyrurus tetrix Black Guillemot — Cepphus grylle Black Kite — Milvus migrans Black Lark — Melanocorypha yeltoniensis Black Redstart — Phoenicurus ochruros Black Scoter — Melanitta americana Black Scrub Robin — Cercotrichas podobe Black Stork — Ciconia nigra Black Swan — Cygnus atratus Black Tern — Chlidonias niger Black Wheatear — Oenanthe leucura Black Woodpecker — Dryocopus martius Black-Bellied Plover — Pluvialis squatarola Black-Bellied Sandgrouse — Pterocles orientalis Black-Crowned Night-Heron — Nycticorax nycticorax Black-Crowned Tchagra — Tchagra senegalus Black-Faced Bunting — Emberiza spodocephala Black-Headed Bunting — Emberiza melanocephala Black-Headed Gull — Chroicocephalus ridibundus Black-Headed Penduline Tit — Remiz macronyx Black-Headed Weaver — Ploceus melanocephalus Black-Legged Kittiwake — Rissa tridactyla Black-Rumped Waxbill — Estrilda troglodytes Black-Tailed Godwit — Limosa limosa Black-Throated Thrush — Turdus atrogularis Black-Winged Kite — Elanus caeruleus Black-Winged Pratincole — Glareola nordmanni Black-Winged Stilt — Himantopus himantopus Blackpoll Warbler — Setophaga striata Blackstart — Oenanthe melanura Blue Rock-Thrush — Monticola solitarius Blue-Cheeked Bee-Eater — Merops persicus Blue-Winged Teal — Spatula discors Bluethroat — Luscinia svecica Blyth's Pipit — Anthus godlewskii Blyth's Reed Warbler — Acrocephalus dumetorum Bohemian Waxwing — Bombycilla garrulus Bolle's Pigeon — Columba bollii Bonaparte's Gull — Chroicocephalus philadelphia Bonelli's Eagle — Aquila fasciata Booted Eagle — Hieraaetus pennatus Booted Warbler — Iduna caligata Boreal Owl — Aegolius funereus Brambling — Fringilla montifringilla Brant — Branta bernicla Bridled Tern — Onychoprion anaethetus Broad-Billed Sandpiper — Calidris falcinellus Brown Booby — Sula leucogaster Brown Shrike — Lanius cristatus Brown-Necked Raven — Corvus ruficollis Brown-Throated Martin — Riparia paludicola Buff-Breasted Sandpiper — Calidris subruficollis Bufflehead — Bucephala albeola Bulwer's Petrel — Bulweria bulwerii Cackling Goose — Branta hutchinsii Calandra Lark — Melanocorypha calandra California Quail — Callipepla californica Canada Goose — Branta canadensis Canary Islands Chaffinch — Fringilla canariensis Canary Islands Chiffchaff — Phylloscopus canariensis Canary Islands Stonechat — Saxicola dacotiae Canvasback — Aythya valisineria Carrion Crow — Corvus corone Caspian Gull — Larus cachinnans Caspian Plover — Anarhynchus asiaticus Caspian Tern — Hydroprogne caspia Cattle Egret — Ardea ibis Caucasian Grouse — Lyrurus mlokosiewiczi Caucasian Snowcock — Tetraogallus caucasicus Cetti's Warbler — Cettia cetti Chilean Flamingo — Phoenicopterus chilensis Chukar Partridge — Alectoris chukar Cinereous Bunting — Emberiza cineracea Cinereous Vulture — Aegypius monachus Cirl Bunting — Emberiza cirlus Citril Finch — Carduelis citrinella Citrine Wagtail — Motacilla citreola Clamorous Reed Warbler — Acrocephalus stentoreus Coal Tit — Periparus ater Collared Flycatcher — Ficedula albicollis Collared Pratincole — Glareola pratincola Common Blackbird — Turdus merula Common Bulbul — Pycnonotus barbatus Common Buttonquail — Turnix sylvaticus Common Buzzard — Buteo buteo Common Chaffinch — Fringilla coelebs Common Chiffchaff — Phylloscopus collybita Common Crane — Grus grus Common Cuckoo — Cuculus canorus Common Eider — Somateria mollissima Common Firecrest — Regulus ignicapilla Common Goldeneye — Bucephala clangula Common Grasshopper-Warbler — Locustella naevia Common Greenshank — Tringa nebularia Common Gull — Larus canus Common House-Martin — Delichon urbicum Common Kestrel — Falco tinnunculus Common Kingfisher — Alcedo atthis Common Loon — Gavia immer Common Merganser — Mergus merganser Common Murre — Uria aalge Common Myna — Acridotheres tristis Common Nightingale — Luscinia megarhynchos Common Pochard — Aythya ferina Common Quail — Coturnix coturnix Common Redpoll — Acanthis flammea Common Redshank — Tringa totanus Common Redstart — Phoenicurus phoenicurus Common Ringed Plover — Charadrius hiaticula Common Rosefinch — Carpodacus erythrinus Common Sandpiper — Actitis hypoleucos Common Scoter — Melanitta nigra Common Shelduck — Tadorna tadorna Common Snipe — Gallinago gallinago Common Starling — Sturnus vulgaris Common Swift — Apus apus Common Tern — Sterna hirundo Common Waxbill — Estrilda astrild Common Wood Pigeon — Columba palumbus Corn Bunting — Emberiza calandra Corn Crake — Crex crex Corsican Finch — Carduelis corsicana Corsican Nuthatch — Sitta whiteheadi Cory's Shearwater — Calonectris borealis Cream-Colored Courser — Cursorius cursor Crested Lark — Galerida cristata Crested Tit — Lophophanes cristatus Cretzschmar's Bunting — Emberiza caesia Crimson-Winged Finch — Rhodopechys sanguineus Crowned Sandgrouse — Pterocles coronatus Curlew Sandpiper — Calidris ferruginea Cyprus Scops Owl — Otus cyprius Cyprus Warbler — Curruca melanothorax Cyprus Wheatear — Oenanthe cypriaca Dalmatian Pelican — Pelecanus crispus Dark-Eyed Junco — Junco hyemalis Dartford Warbler — Curruca undata Dead Sea Sparrow — Passer moabiticus Demoiselle Crane — Grus virgo Desert Finch — Rhodospiza obsoleta Desert Lark — Ammomanes deserti Desert Owl — Strix hadorami Desert Sparrow — Passer simplex Desert Wheatear — Oenanthe deserti Desertas Petrel — Pterodroma deserta Double-Spurred Spurfowl — Pternistis bicalcaratus Dovekie — Alle alle Dunlin — Calidris alpina Dunnock — Prunella modularis Dupont's Lark — Chersophilus duponti Dusky Thrush — Turdus eunomus Dusky Warbler — Phylloscopus fuscatus Eared Grebe — Podiceps nigricollis Eastern Black-Eared Wheatear — Oenanthe melanoleuca Eastern Bonelli's Warbler — Phylloscopus orientalis Eastern Olivaceous Warbler — Iduna pallida Eastern Orphean Warbler — Curruca crassirostris Eastern Red-Rumped Swallow — Cecropis daurica Eastern Subalpine Warbler — Curruca cantillans Eastern Yellow Wagtail — Motacilla tschutschensis Egyptian Goose — Alopochen aegyptiaca Egyptian Nightjar — Caprimulgus aegyptius Egyptian Vulture — Neophron percnopterus Elegant Tern — Thalasseus elegans Eleonora's Falcon — Falco eleonorae Eurasian Bittern — Botaurus stellaris Eurasian Blackcap — Sylvia atricapilla Eurasian Blue Tit — Cyanistes caeruleus Eurasian Bullfinch — Pyrrhula pyrrhula Eurasian Collared-Dove — Streptopelia decaocto Eurasian Coot — Fulica atra Eurasian Crag-Martin — Ptyonoprogne rupestris Eurasian Curlew — Numenius arquata Eurasian Dotterel — Eudromias morinellus Eurasian Eagle-Owl — Bubo bubo Eurasian Golden Oriole — Oriolus oriolus Eurasian Hobby — Falco subbuteo Eurasian Hoopoe — Upupa epops Eurasian Jackdaw — Coloeus monedula Eurasian Jay — Garrulus glandarius Eurasian Linnet — Linaria cannabina Eurasian Magpie — Pica pica Eurasian Moorhen — Gallinula chloropus Eurasian Nightjar — Caprimulgus europaeus Eurasian Nutcracker — Nucifraga caryocatactes Eurasian Nuthatch — Sitta europaea Eurasian Oystercatcher — Haematopus ostralegus Eurasian Penduline-Tit — Remiz pendulinus Eurasian Pygmy-Owl — Glaucidium passerinum Eurasian Reed Warbler — Acrocephalus scirpaceus Eurasian Scops-Owl — Otus scops Eurasian Siskin — Spinus spinus Eurasian Skylark — Alauda arvensis Eurasian Sparrowhawk — Accipiter nisus Eurasian Spoonbill — Platalea leucorodia Eurasian Teal — Anas crecca Eurasian Thick-Knee — Burhinus oedicnemus Eurasian Three-Toed Woodpecker — Picoides tridactylus Eurasian Tree Sparrow — Passer montanus Eurasian Treecreeper — Certhia familiaris Eurasian Wigeon — Mareca penelope Eurasian Woodcock — Scolopax rusticola Eurasian Wren — Troglodytes troglodytes Eurasian Wryneck — Jynx torquilla European Bee-Eater — Merops apiaster European Golden-Plover — Pluvialis apricaria European Goldfinch — Carduelis carduelis European Green Woodpecker — Picus viridis European Greenfinch — Chloris chloris European Herring Gull — Larus argentatus European Honey-Buzzard — Pernis apivorus European Pied Flycatcher — Ficedula hypoleuca European Robin — Erithacus rubecula European Roller — Coracias garrulus European Serin — Serinus serinus European Shag — Gulosus aristotelis European Stonechat — Saxicola rubicola European Storm-Petrel — Hydrobates pelagicus European Turtle Dove — Streptopelia turtur Eyebrowed Thrush — Turdus obscurus Falcated Duck — Mareca falcata Fan-Tailed Raven — Corvus rhipidurus Ferruginous Duck — Aythya nyroca Fieldfare — Turdus pilaris Finsch's Wheatear — Oenanthe finschii Forster's Tern — Sterna forsteri Franklin's Gull — Leucophaeus pipixcan Fulvous Babbler — Argya fulva Gadwall — Mareca strepera Garden Warbler — Sylvia borin Garganey — Spatula querquedula Glaucous Gull — Larus hyperboreus Glossy Ibis — Plegadis falcinellus Goldcrest — Regulus regulus Golden Eagle — Aquila chrysaetos Golden Pheasant — Chrysolophus pictus Graceful Prinia — Prinia gracilis Gran Canaria Blue Chaffinch — Fringilla polatzeki Gray Partridge — Perdix perdix Gray Wagtail — Motacilla cinerea Gray-Cheeked Thrush — Catharus minimus Gray-Headed Lapwing — Vanellus cinereus Gray-Headed Woodpecker — Picus canus Great Black-Backed Gull — Larus marinus Great Bustard — Otis tarda Great Cormorant — Phalacrocorax carbo Great Crested Grebe — Podiceps cristatus Great Egret — Ardea alba Great Gray Shrike — Lanius excubitor Great Grey Owl — Strix nebulosa Great Knot — Calidris tenuirostris Great Reed Warbler — Acrocephalus arundinaceus Great Rosefinch — Carpodacus rubicilla Great Shearwater — Ardenna gravis Great Skua — Stercorarius skua Great Snipe — Gallinago media Great Spotted Cuckoo — Clamator glandarius Great Spotted Woodpecker — Dendrocopos major Great Tit — Parus major Great White Pelican — Pelecanus onocrotalus Greater Crested Tern — Thalasseus bergii Greater Flamingo — Phoenicopterus roseus Greater Hoopoe-Lark — Alaemon alaudipes Greater Painted-Snipe — Rostratula benghalensis Greater Sand-Plover — Anarhynchus leschenaultii Greater Scaup — Aythya marila Greater Short-Toed Lark — Calandrella brachydactyla Greater Spotted Eagle — Clanga clanga Greater White-Fronted Goose — Anser albifrons Greater Whitethroat — Curruca communis Greater Yellowlegs — Tringa melanoleuca Green Heron — Butorides virescens Green Sandpiper — Tringa ochropus Green Warbler — Phylloscopus nitidus Greenish Warbler — Phylloscopus trochiloides Grey Heron — Ardea cinerea Grey Hypocolius — Hypocolius ampelinus Grey-Headed Chickadee — Poecile cinctus Greylag Goose — Anser anser Griffon Vulture — Gyps fulvus Gull-Billed Tern — Gelochelidon nilotica Gyrfalcon — Falco rusticolus Güldenstädt's Redstart — Phoenicurus erythrogastrus Harlequin Duck — Histrionicus histrionicus Hawfinch — Coccothraustes coccothraustes Hazel Grouse — Tetrastes bonasia Helmeted Guineafowl — Numida meleagris Hen Harrier — Circus cyaneus Hooded Merganser — Lophodytes cucullatus Hooded Wheatear — Oenanthe monacha Horned Grebe — Podiceps auritus Horned Lark — Eremophila alpestris House Bunting — Emberiza sahari House Crow — Corvus splendens House Sparrow — Passer domesticus Hume's Warbler — Phylloscopus humei Iberian Chiffchaff — Phylloscopus ibericus Iberian Green Woodpecker — Picus sharpei Iberian Grey Shrike — Lanius meridionalis Iberian Magpie — Cyanopica cooki Iceland Gull — Larus glaucoides Icterine Warbler — Hippolais icterina Imperial Eagle — Aquila heliaca Indian Silverbill — Euodice malabarica Indigo Bunting — Passerina cyanea Isabelline Shrike — Lanius isabellinus Isabelline Wheatear — Oenanthe isabellina Italian Sparrow — Passer italiae Ivory Gull — Pagophila eburnea Jack Snipe — Lymnocryptes minimus Kentish Plover — Anarhynchus alexandrinus Killdeer — Charadrius vociferus King Eider — Somateria spectabilis Krüper's Nuthatch — Sitta krueperi Kurdish Wheatear — Oenanthe xanthoprymna Lady Amherst's Pheasant — Chrysolophus amherstiae Lanceolated Warbler — Locustella lanceolata Lanner Falcon — Falco biarmicus Lapland Longspur — Calcarius lapponicus Laughing Dove — Spilopelia senegalensis Laughing Gull — Leucophaeus atricilla Laurel Pigeon — Columba junoniae Leach's Storm-Petrel — Hydrobates leucorhous Least Sandpiper — Calidris minutilla Lesser Black-Backed Gull — Larus fuscus Lesser Crested Tern — Thalasseus bengalensis Lesser Gray Shrike — Lanius minor Lesser Kestrel — Falco naumanni Lesser Scaup — Aythya affinis Lesser Spotted Eagle — Clanga pomarina Lesser Spotted Woodpecker — Dryobates minor Lesser White-Fronted Goose — Anser erythropus Lesser Whitethroat — Curruca curruca Lesser Yellowlegs — Tringa flavipes Levaillant's Woodpecker — Picus vaillantii Levant Sparrowhawk — Tachyspiza brevipes Lichtenstein's Sandgrouse — Pterocles lichtensteinii Little Bittern — Botaurus minutus Little Bunting — Emberiza pusilla Little Bustard — Tetrax tetrax Little Crake — Zapornia parva Little Egret — Egretta garzetta Little Grebe — Tachybaptus ruficollis Little Gull — Hydrocoloeus minutus Little Owl — Athene noctua Little Ringed Plover — Thinornis dubius Little Stint — Calidris minuta Little Swift — Apus affinis Little Tern — Sternula albifrons Long-Billed Dowitcher — Limnodromus scolopaceus Long-Billed Pipit — Anthus similis Long-Eared Owl — Asio otus Long-Legged Buzzard — Buteo rufinus Long-Tailed Duck — Clangula hyemalis Long-Tailed Jaeger — Stercorarius longicaudus Long-Tailed Tit — Aegithalos caudatus MacQueen's Bustard — Chlamydotis macqueenii Madeira Chaffinch — Fringilla maderensis Madeira Firecrest — Regulus madeirensis Maghreb Magpie — Pica mauritanica Mallard — Anas platyrhynchos Mandarin Duck — Aix galericulata Manx Shearwater — Puffinus puffinus Marbled Teal — Marmaronetta angustirostris Marmora's Warbler — Curruca sarda Marsh Sandpiper — Tringa stagnatilis Marsh Tit — Poecile palustris Marsh Warbler — Acrocephalus palustris Masked Shrike — Lanius nubicus Meadow Pipit — Anthus pratensis Mediterranean Gull — Ichthyaetus melanocephalus Mediterranean Short-Toed Lark — Alaudala rufescens Melodious Warbler — Hippolais polyglotta Merlin — Falco columbarius Middle Spotted Woodpecker — Dendrocoptes medius Mistle Thrush — Turdus viscivorus Mitred Parakeet — Psittacara mitratus Moltoni's Warbler — Curruca subalpina Monk Parakeet — Myiopsitta monachus Montagu's Harrier — Circus pygargus Monteiro's Storm Petrel — Hydrobates monteiroi Mountain Chiffchaff — Phylloscopus sindianus Mourning Wheatear — Oenanthe lugens Moussier's Redstart — Phoenicurus moussieri Moustached Warbler — Acrocephalus melanopogon Mute Swan — Cygnus olor Ménétriés's Warbler — Curruca mystacea Namaqua Dove — Oena capensis Northern Bald Ibis — Geronticus eremita Northern Bobwhite — Colinus virginianus Northern Fulmar — Fulmarus glacialis Northern Gannet — Morus bassanus Northern Goshawk — Astur gentilis Northern Harrier — Circus hudsonius Northern Hawk Owl — Surnia ulula Northern Lapwing — Vanellus vanellus Northern Mockingbird — Mimus polyglottos Northern Pintail — Anas acuta Northern Raven — Corvus corax Northern Shoveler — Spatula clypeata Northern Wheatear — Oenanthe oenanthe Nubian Nightjar — Caprimulgus nubicus Olive-Backed Pipit — Anthus hodgsoni Olive-Tree Warbler — Hippolais olivetorum Orange-Cheeked Waxbill — Estrilda melpoda Oriental Pratincole — Glareola maldivarum Oriental Skylark — Alauda gulgula Oriental Turtle-Dove — Streptopelia orientalis Ortolan Bunting — Emberiza hortulana Osprey — Pandion haliaetus Pacific Golden-Plover — Pluvialis fulva Pacific Loon — Gavia pacifica Pacific Swift — Apus pacificus Paddyfield Warbler — Acrocephalus agricola Pale Crag Martin — Ptyonoprogne obsoleta Pale Rockfinch — Carpospiza brachydactyla Palestine Sunbird — Cinnyris osea Pallas's Grasshopper Warbler — Helopsaltes certhiola Pallas's Gull — Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus Pallas's Leaf Warbler — Phylloscopus proregulus Pallid Harrier — Circus macrourus Pallid Scops Owl — Otus brucei Pallid Swift — Apus pallidus Parasitic Jaeger — Stercorarius parasiticus Parrot Crossbill — Loxia pytyopsittacus Pechora Pipit — Anthus gustavi Pectoral Sandpiper — Calidris melanotos Peregrine Falcon — Falco peregrinus Pharaoh Eagle-Owl — Bubo ascalaphus Pied Avocet — Recurvirostra avosetta Pied Kingfisher — Ceryle rudis Pied Wheatear — Oenanthe pleschanka Pied-Billed Grebe — Podilymbus podiceps Pin-Tailed Sandgrouse — Pterocles alchata Pin-Tailed Snipe — Gallinago stenura Pin-Tailed Whydah — Vidua macroura Pine Bunting — Emberiza leucocephalos Pine Grosbeak — Pinicola enucleator Pink-Footed Goose — Anser brachyrhynchus Plain Swift — Apus unicolor Pomarine Jaeger — Stercorarius pomarinus Purple Heron — Ardea purpurea Purple Sandpiper — Calidris maritima Pygmy Cormorant — Microcarbo pygmaeus Radde's Accentor — Prunella ocularis Radde's Warbler — Phylloscopus schwarzi Razorbill — Alca torda Red Avadavat — Amandava amandava Red Crossbill — Loxia curvirostra Red Grouse — Lagopus scotica Red Kite — Milvus milvus Red Knot — Calidris canutus Red Phalarope — Phalaropus fulicarius Red-Backed Shrike — Lanius collurio Red-Billed Chough — Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax Red-Billed Leiothrix — Leiothrix lutea Red-Billed Tropicbird — Phaethon aethereus Red-Breasted Flycatcher — Ficedula parva Red-Breasted Goose — Branta ruficollis Red-Breasted Merganser — Mergus serrator Red-Crested Pochard — Netta rufina Red-Eyed Vireo — Vireo olivaceus Red-Flanked Bluetail — Tarsiger cyanurus Red-Footed Falcon — Falco vespertinus Red-Headed Bunting — Emberiza bruniceps Red-Knobbed Coot — Fulica cristata Red-Legged Partridge — Alectoris rufa Red-Masked Parakeet — Psittacara erythrogenys Red-Necked Grebe — Podiceps grisegena Red-Necked Nightjar — Caprimulgus ruficollis Red-Necked Phalarope — Phalaropus lobatus Red-Necked Stint — Calidris ruficollis Red-Rumped Swallow — Cecropis rufula Red-Rumped Wheatear — Oenanthe moesta Red-Tailed Shrike — Lanius phoenicuroides Red-Tailed Wheatear — Oenanthe chrysopygia Red-Throated Loon — Gavia stellata Red-Throated Pipit — Anthus cervinus Red-Wattled Lapwing — Vanellus indicus Red-Whiskered Bulbul — Pycnonotus jocosus Redwing — Turdus iliacus Reed Bunting — Emberiza schoeniclus Reeves's Pheasant — Syrmaticus reevesii Richard's Pipit — Anthus richardi Ring Ouzel — Turdus torquatus Ring-Billed Gull — Larus delawarensis Ring-Necked Duck — Aythya collaris Ring-Necked Pheasant — Phasianus colchicus River Warbler — Locustella fluviatilis Rock Bunting — Emberiza cia Rock Partridge — Alectoris graeca Rock Pigeon — Columba livia Rock Pipit — Anthus petrosus Rock Ptarmigan — Lagopus muta Rock Sparrow — Petronia petronia Rook — Corvus frugilegus Rose-Ringed Parakeet — Psittacula krameri Roseate Tern — Sterna dougallii Ross's Goose — Anser rossii Ross's Gull — Rhodostethia rosea Rosy Starling — Pastor roseus Rough-Legged Hawk — Buteo lagopus Ruddy Duck — Oxyura jamaicensis Ruddy Shelduck — Tadorna ferruginea Ruddy Turnstone — Arenaria interpres Rueppell's Griffon — Gyps rueppelli Ruff — Calidris pugnax Rufous-Tailed Rock Thrush — Monticola saxatilis Rufous-Tailed Scrub-Robin — Cercotrichas galactotes Rustic Bunting — Emberiza rustica Rüppell's Warbler — Curruca ruppeli Sabine's Gull — Xema sabini Saker Falcon — Falco cherrug Sand Partridge — Ammoperdix heyi Sanderling — Calidris alba Sandhill Crane — Antigone canadensis Sandwich Tern — Thalasseus sandvicensis Sardinian Warbler — Curruca melanocephala Savi's Warbler — Locustella luscinioides Scaly-Breasted Munia — Lonchura punctulata Scopoli's Shearwater — Calonectris diomedea Scottish Crossbill — Loxia scotica Sedge Warbler — Acrocephalus schoenobaenus Seebohm's Wheatear — Oenanthe seebohmi Semicollared Flycatcher — Ficedula semitorquata Semipalmated Sandpiper — Calidris pusilla Senegal Thick-Knee — Burhinus senegalensis Sharp-Tailed Sandpiper — Calidris acuminata Short-Eared Owl — Asio flammeus Short-Toed Snake-Eagle — Circaetus gallicus Short-Toed Treecreeper — Certhia brachydactyla Siberian Accentor — Prunella montanella Siberian Crane — Leucogeranus leucogeranus Siberian Jay — Perisoreus infaustus Siberian Rubythroat — Calliope calliope Siberian Stonechat — Saxicola maurus Sinai Rosefinch — Carpodacus synoicus Slender-Billed Curlew — Numenius tenuirostris Slender-Billed Gull — Chroicocephalus genei Smew — Mergellus albellus Snow Bunting — Plectrophenax nivalis Snow Goose — Anser caerulescens Snowy Owl — Bubo scandiacus Sociable Lapwing — Vanellus gregarius Solitary Sandpiper — Tringa solitaria Sombre Tit — Poecile lugubris Song Sparrow — Melospiza melodia Song Thrush — Turdus philomelos Sooty Falcon — Falco concolor Sooty Gull — Ichthyaetus hemprichii Sooty Shearwater — Ardenna grisea Sooty Tern — Onychoprion fuscatus Spanish Eagle — Aquila adalberti Spanish Sparrow — Passer hispaniolensis Spectacled Warbler — Curruca conspicillata Spotless Starling — Sturnus unicolor Spotted Crake — Porzana porzana Spotted Flycatcher — Muscicapa striata Spotted Redshank — Tringa erythropus Spotted Sandgrouse — Pterocles senegallus Spotted Sandpiper — Actitis macularius Spur-Winged Lapwing — Vanellus spinosus Squacco Heron — Ardeola ralloides Stejneger's Scoter — Melanitta stejnegeri Steller's Eider — Polysticta stelleri Steppe Eagle — Aquila nipalensis Stilt Sandpiper — Calidris himantopus Stock Dove — Columba oenas Streaked Scrub Warbler — Scotocerca inquieta Striated Heron — Butorides striata Striolated Bunting — Emberiza striolata Surf Scoter — Melanitta perspicillata Sykes's Warbler — Iduna rama Syrian Serin — Serinus syriacus Syrian Woodpecker — Dendrocopos syriacus Taiga Bean-Goose — Anser fabalis Tawny Owl — Strix aluco Tawny Pipit — Anthus campestris Temminck's Lark — Eremophila bilopha Temminck's Stint — Calidris temminckii Tenerife Blue Chaffinch — Fringilla teydea Tennessee Warbler — Leiothlypis peregrina Terek Sandpiper — Xenus cinereus Thekla's Lark — Galerida theklae Thick-Billed Lark — Ramphocoris clotbey Thick-Billed Murre — Uria lomvia Thrush Nightingale — Luscinia luscinia Tree Pipit — Anthus trivialis Tristram's Starling — Onychognathus tristramii Tristram's Warbler — Curruca deserticola Trocaz Pigeon — Columba trocaz Trumpeter Finch — Bucanetes githagineus Tufted Duck — Aythya fuligula Tundra Bean-Goose — Anser serrirostris Turkestan Short-Toed Lark — Alaudala heinei Twite — Linaria flavirostris Two-Barred Warbler — Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus Upcher's Warbler — Hippolais languida Upland Sandpiper — Bartramia longicauda Ural Owl — Strix uralensis Velvet Scoter — Melanitta fusca Vinous-Breasted Myna — Acridotheres leucocephalus Vinous-Throated Parrotbill — Suthora webbiana Wallcreeper — Tichodroma muraria Water Pipit — Anthus spinoletta Water Rail — Rallus aquaticus Western Barn Owl — Tyto alba Western Black-Eared Wheatear — Oenanthe hispanica Western Bonelli's Warbler — Phylloscopus bonelli Western Capercaillie — Tetrao urogallus Western Marsh Harrier — Circus aeruginosus Western Olivaceous Warbler — Iduna opaca Western Orphean Warbler — Curruca hortensis Western Reef Heron — Egretta gularis Western Rock Nuthatch — Sitta neumayer Western Sandpiper — Calidris mauri Western Subalpine Warbler — Curruca iberiae Western Swamphen — Porphyrio porphyrio Western Yellow Wagtail — Motacilla flava Whimbrel — Numenius phaeopus Whinchat — Saxicola rubetra Whiskered Tern — Chlidonias hybrida White Stork — Ciconia ciconia White Wagtail — Motacilla alba White's Thrush — Zoothera aurea White-Backed Woodpecker — Dendrocopos leucotos White-Cheeked Tern — Sterna repressa White-Crowned Sparrow — Zonotrichia leucophrys White-Crowned Wheatear — Oenanthe leucopyga White-Eared Bulbul — Pycnonotus leucotis White-Eyed Gull — Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus White-Faced Storm-Petrel — Pelagodroma marina White-Headed Duck — Oxyura leucocephala White-Rumped Sandpiper — Calidris fuscicollis White-Rumped Swift — Apus caffer White-Spectacled Bulbul — Pycnonotus xanthopygos White-Tailed Eagle — Haliaeetus albicilla White-Tailed Lapwing — Vanellus leucurus White-Throated Dipper — Cinclus cinclus White-Throated Kingfisher — Halcyon smyrnensis White-Throated Robin — Irania gutturalis White-Throated Sparrow — Zonotrichia albicollis White-Winged Crossbill — Loxia leucoptera White-Winged Lark — Alauda leucoptera White-Winged Scoter — Melanitta deglandi White-Winged Snowfinch — Montifringilla nivalis White-Winged Tern — Chlidonias leucopterus Whooper Swan — Cygnus cygnus Willow Ptarmigan — Lagopus lagopus Willow Tit — Poecile montanus Willow Warbler — Phylloscopus trochilus Wilson's Phalarope — Phalaropus tricolor Wilson's Snipe — Gallinago delicata Wilson's Storm-Petrel — Oceanites oceanicus Wood Lark — Lullula arborea Wood Sandpiper — Tringa glareola Wood Warbler — Phylloscopus sibilatrix Woodchat Shrike — Lanius senator Yelkouan Shearwater — Puffinus yelkouan Yellow-Billed Loon — Gavia adamsii Yellow-Breasted Bunting — Emberiza aureola Yellow-Browed Warbler — Phylloscopus inornatus Yellow-Crowned Bishop — Euplectes afer Yellow-Crowned Night-Heron — Nyctanassa violacea Yellow-Legged Gull — Larus michahellis Yellow-Rumped Warbler — Setophaga coronata Yellow-Throated Sparrow — Gymnoris xanthocollis Yellowhammer — Emberiza citrinella Zino's Petrel — Pterodroma madeira Zitting Cisticola — Cisticola juncidis

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